Carbon Capture and Storage

Coal is the most abundant fuel we are currently using. It is also very cheap compared to fuels such as oil. Also it is a well established source. As a result I decided to do my project on Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in order to investigate cleaner ways to use this abundant fuel. I taled about different technologies for CCS such as flue gas desulphurization facilities (PC+FGD). integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC). Than I briefly reviewed storage technologies such as storage in geological formations, deep saline aquifers and coal seams, oceans, and ecosystems; and using magnesium and calcium are mentioned. It was important to look at retention time for carbon dioxide since possible leakage would defeat the purpose of mitigation by CCS. Safety issues were important in possible leakages. It was then determined that 99% CO₂ stored in geological formations will be retained in a 1000 period. The retention of ocean storage of CO₂ is approximated to be 30-85% over 500 years, while mineral carbonation storage won’t be subject to leaks. It was also determined that the additional fuel cost for CCS technology is evaluated to be around 25-30%, while an extra initial installation and implementation cost exists. I finally mentioned the importance of government bipartisan action and also further education of people along with their support. I also recommended using existing environmental scheme to create a regulatory base with necessary incentives.